Evaluation of Sesame Meal Replacement in Broiler Diets with Phytase and Probiotic Supplementation

1 Two trials were conducted to evaluate sesame seed meal (SSM) replacement of broiler diets ingredients. The 1 st trial included 5 major dietary treatments using 360 day old Ross commercial broilers: 1) Corn + soybean meal (SBM) "control diet"; 2) Corn + SSM; 3) Corn + [50% SBM + 50% SSM]; 4) Corn + [25% SBM + 75% SSM]; and 5) Corn + [75% SBM + 25% SSM]. Each treatment was then divided into 4 subtreatments of: 0 supplements; + 0.1% phytase; + 0.1% probiotic; and/ or + 0.1% phytase + 0.1% probiotic to total all dietary treatments to 20 treatments. The 2 nd trial consisted of 336 Ross commercial broiler chicks utilizing 4 major dietary treatments including 1) Corn + SBM "control diet"; 2) Corn + 5% SSM; 3) Corn + 10% SSM; and 4) Corn + 15% SSM. Each dietary treatment was divided in a similar design to trial one; to 4 sub-treatments to sum up all dietary treatments to a total of 16 subtreatments. Chickens in both trials were kept under similar management conditions. The following criteria were measured and/or calculated: body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, mortality rate, and feed conversion ratio was calculated starting 1 st wk of age. At the end of the experiment, estimated slaughter yield were also carried out. Total protein efficiency (TPE) assay of SSM was evaluated, and plasma cholesterol and triglycerides were measured using enzymatic kits. In trail 1, live body weights and weight gains of 6-week old broiler chicks fed the control diet were (P ≤ 0.05) higher than those of all other dietary treatments. On the other hand, body weights and gains of broilers fed 50% of either SSM or SBM were significantly lower than those of the control diet. Broilers fed diets containing 100% and/ or 75% SSM consumed less feed as compared with that of the control diet of 87.61, 79.91 and 95.08, 1 Rev. By Prof. Dr. M.Osman M. A. Al-Harthi, and A. A. El-Deek 100 respectively. Feed conversion ratio from broilers fed all dietary treatments and the control were below expectations but rather not significantly different from that of the control group. In 2 nd trail, at 5 weeks of age, body weights and weight gains of broilers fed 5% SSM or 10% SSM + phytase + probiotic were higher (P ≤ 0.05) as compared to those fed the control diet. Dietary treatments and phytase or probiotic supplementation did not influence plasma triglyceride levels. On the other hand, cholesterol levels were reduced as dietary SSM increased in comparison to the control diet. Also, phytase and/ or probiotic supplementation to SSM diets followed similar manner and was significantly (P ≤ 0.01) lower than the control group fed SBM standard diet. The method of processing for oil extraction and temperature used for roasting the seed might have altered the availability of the basic amino acids and in turn affected the feeding value of dietary SSM utilization.